During August 1825, thousands of Indians representing all the Wisconsin tribes gathered in Prairie du Chien. Territorial governors William Clark of Missouri and Lewis Cass of Michigan facilitated discussions that produced a general treaty of peace among all the tribes. Henry Schoolcraft left a long account of this seminal event in chapter 23 of his memoirs (see below), and painter J.O. Lewis captured the scene and dozens of Indian leaders in color (all included here).
Although it granted no land to the United States, the Prairie du Chien treaty of 1825 opened the door for talks with individual... more...
![Link to article: A trader relates his family history and personal adventures, 1745-1857.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | A trader relates his family history and personal adventures, 1745-1857. |
![Link to article: Ho-Chunk chief Spoon Decorah looks back over a long life.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Ho-Chunk chief Spoon Decorah looks back over a long life. |
![Link to article: Walking Cloud recounts episodes of the Black Hawk War.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Walking Cloud recounts episodes of the Black Hawk War. |
![Link to article: Speeches of Pontiac (1763) and Souligny (1848) against white incursions.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Speeches of Pontiac (1763) and Souligny (1848) against white incursions. |
![Link to article: John Shaw recalls Tomah, Black Hawk, Keokuk, and other Indian leaders.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | John Shaw recalls Tomah, Black Hawk, Keokuk, and other Indian leaders. |
![Link to article: A participant tells how the Oneida, Stockbridge, and Brothertown came to Wisconsin in the 1820s.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | A participant tells how the Oneida, Stockbridge, and Brothertown came to Wisconsin in the 1820s. |
![Link to article: Essays and speeches by Brothertown and Stockbridge leaders.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Essays and speeches by Brothertown and Stockbridge leaders. |
![Link to article: Gen. Joseph Street, Indian agent to the Ho-Chunk, Sauk and Fox.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Gen. Joseph Street, Indian agent to the Ho-Chunk, Sauk and Fox. |
![Link to article: A memoir of Indian agent Joseph Street](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | A memoir of Indian agent Joseph Street |
![Link to article: The Oneidas claim land in New York](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | The Oneidas claim land in New York |
![Link to article: Early History of the Brothertown Indians](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Early History of the Brothertown Indians |
![Link to article: Indian Versions of Some Early Wisconsin Events](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Indian Versions of Some Early Wisconsin Events |
![Link to article: Menominee Vocabulary, 1893](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Menominee Vocabulary, 1893 |
![Link to article: Ojibwe Place Names in Wisconsin, ca. 1890](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/article.gif) | Ojibwe Place Names in Wisconsin, ca. 1890 |
![Link to artifacts: Ojibwe ceremonial pipe given to Gov. James Doty, 1844](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/artifacts.gif) | Ojibwe ceremonial pipe given to Gov. James Doty, 1844 |
![Link to book: The history and traditions of the Chippewa Valley](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The history and traditions of the Chippewa Valley |
![Link to book: Memoirs of an Interpreter among the Ojibwe, 1840-1900](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Memoirs of an Interpreter among the Ojibwe, 1840-1900 |
![Link to book: Fr. Baraga's 1853 Ojibwe Dictionary](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Fr. Baraga's 1853 Ojibwe Dictionary |
![Link to book: Menominee chiefs refuse to give up more land in 1832.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Menominee chiefs refuse to give up more land in 1832. |
![Link to book: Caleb Atwater describes the 1829 talks at Prairie du Chien](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Caleb Atwater describes the 1829 talks at Prairie du Chien |
![Link to book: The Commissioner of Indian Affairs visits the Ojibwe in 1826.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The Commissioner of Indian Affairs visits the Ojibwe in 1826. |
![Link to book: The language of the Brothertown Indians' ancestors, 1722](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The language of the Brothertown Indians' ancestors, 1722 |
![Link to book: A Munsee language edition of Methodist hymns, 1874](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A Munsee language edition of Methodist hymns, 1874 |
![Link to book: Stockbridge and Munsee Testimony, 1892](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Stockbridge and Munsee Testimony, 1892 |
![Link to book: The Stockbridge-Munsee Constitution, 1857](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The Stockbridge-Munsee Constitution, 1857 |
![Link to book: Report on the Menominee at Termination, 1958](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | Report on the Menominee at Termination, 1958 |
![Link to book: A Ho-Chunk grammar textbook, 1945](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A Ho-Chunk grammar textbook, 1945 |
![Link to book: A local historian chats about Prairie du Chien (vol. 1)](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A local historian chats about Prairie du Chien (vol. 1) |
![Link to book: A local historian chats about Prairie du Chien (vol. 2)](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A local historian chats about Prairie du Chien (vol. 2) |
![Link to book: A speech by Brothertown Indian leader Samsom Occom, 1771](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A speech by Brothertown Indian leader Samsom Occom, 1771 |
![Link to book: A guide to the Mohican language, 1789](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A guide to the Mohican language, 1789 |
![Link to book: The language spoken by the Brothertown Indians when Europeans arrived in America](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The language spoken by the Brothertown Indians when Europeans arrived in America |
![Link to book: A life of Jesus in Ottawa, 1837](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A life of Jesus in Ottawa, 1837 |
![Link to book: A religious primer in Mohican, 1818](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A religious primer in Mohican, 1818 |
![Link to book: An Oneida prayer-book, 1816](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | An Oneida prayer-book, 1816 |
![Link to book: A missionary's speech in Oneida, 1815.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | A missionary's speech in Oneida, 1815. |
![Link to book: An Oneida spelling book for children, 1820](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | An Oneida spelling book for children, 1820 |
![Link to book: The first book printed in Wisconsin, an Ojibwe almanac](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/book.gif) | The first book printed in Wisconsin, an Ojibwe almanac |
![Link to collections: The Killing of Chief Joe White (Gishkitawag), 1894](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/collections.gif) | The Killing of Chief Joe White (Gishkitawag), 1894 |
![Link to images: Menominee Chief Oshkosh in 1858](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Menominee Chief Oshkosh in 1858 |
![Link to images: Oneida Chief Daniel Bread in 1856](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Oneida Chief Daniel Bread in 1856 |
![Link to images: Stockbridge Chief John W. Quinney in 1849](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Stockbridge Chief John W. Quinney in 1849 |
![Link to images: Stockbridge Indian leader Austin E. Quinney, 1849](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Stockbridge Indian leader Austin E. Quinney, 1849 |
![Link to images: Ojibwe leaders represent their credentials to Washington in a picture](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Ojibwe leaders represent their credentials to Washington in a picture |
![Link to images: Wisconsin Indian leaders as they attended treaty councils in the 1830's.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Wisconsin Indian leaders as they attended treaty councils in the 1830's. |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Ojibwe in the 19th and 20th centuries.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Ojibwe in the 19th and 20th centuries. |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Menominee in the 19th and 20th centuries.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Menominee in the 19th and 20th centuries. |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Ho-Chunk in the 19th and 20th centuries.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Ho-Chunk in the 19th and 20th centuries. |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Meskwaki (Fox) Indians in the 19th century.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Meskwaki (Fox) Indians in the 19th century. |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Potawatomi from the 1820's to the 1920's](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Potawatomi from the 1820's to the 1920's |
![Link to images: Pictures of the Sauk Indians during the 1830's](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/images.gif) | Pictures of the Sauk Indians during the 1830's |
![Link to manuscript: The new Indian agent describes tensions in the Lead Region in 1827.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | The new Indian agent describes tensions in the Lead Region in 1827. |
![Link to manuscript: The U.S. government deceives the Ojibwe, 1850.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | The U.S. government deceives the Ojibwe, 1850. |
![Link to manuscript: Brief Ho-Chunk Language Vocabularies, 1830-1930](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Brief Ho-Chunk Language Vocabularies, 1830-1930 |
![Link to manuscript: A Long Ho-Chunk Vocabulary, 1880](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | A Long Ho-Chunk Vocabulary, 1880 |
![Link to manuscript: The Treaty of Prairie du Chien, 1825](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | The Treaty of Prairie du Chien, 1825 |
![Link to manuscript: Wisconsin soldiers who served in the Winnebago War (1827)](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Wisconsin soldiers who served in the Winnebago War (1827) |
![Link to manuscript: Wisconsin soldiers who served in the Black Hawk War (1832)](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Wisconsin soldiers who served in the Black Hawk War (1832) |
![Link to manuscript: The Menominee and Ho-Chunk negotiate with the New York Indians in 1821.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | The Menominee and Ho-Chunk negotiate with the New York Indians in 1821. |
![Link to manuscript: Ojibwe chiefs protest broken treaties to officials in Washington in 1864.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Ojibwe chiefs protest broken treaties to officials in Washington in 1864. |
![Link to manuscript: A French visitor describes the Menominee's 1838 annuity payment.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | A French visitor describes the Menominee's 1838 annuity payment. |
![Link to manuscript: Brief Potawatomi Language Vocabularies, 1920-1932.](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Brief Potawatomi Language Vocabularies, 1920-1932. |
![Link to manuscript: Chief Oshkosh protests U.S. government treatment, ca. 1848](https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/images/manuscript.gif) | Chief Oshkosh protests U.S. government treatment, ca. 1848 |